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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
ELEK vs Competitors
Electrical Software
Power Cables lineup 1170x585 - Popular
17 mins read

High Voltage Power Cable Current Ratings

Explains the effects of the installation conditions and the bonding arrangement on the current rating of high voltage power cables.
Cable trench being backfilled by an excavator 1170x585 - Popular
5 mins read

Typical Thermal Resistivity of Backfill Soils and Concrete

It's difficult to decide on the thermal resistivity of soil or backfill to use for cable rating studies. The typical thermal resistivities of common native soils and engineered materials used as backfills for buried cables are provided in tables.
Graph comparing the relationship between distance and resistance in electrical systems and renewable energy sources.
9 mins read

Testing of Earthing Systems

Provides test procedures based on the fall of potential method and actual touch and step voltage measurements for the purpose of validating a safe earthing design. Includes procedures for both large or small earthing systems, safety requirements (for undertaking the tests) and recommended testing equipment.
ELEK Software Vehicle Charging Station 1170x585 - Popular
3 mins read

Touch Voltage Calculations for LV Electrical Systems

The definition of “touch voltage” is the voltage between accessible exposed and extraneous conductive parts that may lead to the risk of electric shock in the event of an electrical fault. This article covers AS/NZS 3000, BS 7671, and NFPA 70E rules concerning touch voltages and provides the equations for calculations.
Circuit breakers 1 1170x585 - Popular
8 mins read

Protection Coordination Requirements from Standards

There are several international Standards (AS/NZS, BS and IEC) which cover requirements for protection coordination of low voltage electrical systems and this article provides a summary of those as a reference.
Earthing Design Software Screenshot
6 mins read

Extensive Study of Earthing Grids

An extensive study of earthing grids using SafeGrid software designed for determining performance of grids of arbitrary geometrical configuration in two layer soils has been undertaken. The study confirms work by Dawalibi and Mukhedkar undertaken using similar software called CDEGS®.
Diagram showing electric field (E), gravitational field (G), weight (W), and electrostatic force (Fe) acting on a charged oil drop.
10 mins read

Modelling a Fall of Potential Earth Grid Impedance Test

Understand how software simulations enhance grid impedance tests, improving accuracy and efficiency in earthing system design and performance evaluation.
Lightning strike on substation 1 1 1170x585 - Popular
6 mins read

Lightning Protection Design for Substations

Direct lightning strikes to substations causes physical damage and poses hazards for people.
Close-up view of three thick, black electrical cables with exposed copper wire cores arranged in a triangle formation.
9 mins read

Cable Sheath Induced Voltage Calculations

High voltage cable sheath induced voltages and currents theory is explained, with equations, bonding strategies and case study for a safe cable design.
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