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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

Sign up for my email newsletter and I will send you the latest technical articles as they are released – Jayson Patrick.

Photo of Jayson Patrick for Technical Articles page about electrical power systems Design

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
Software Comparisons
Electrical Software
Three core low voltage cable 1170x585 - Popular
2 mins read

New Wiring Rules and cable current ratings calculations

Discussion of the changes to AS/NZS 3000:2018 affecting cable current-carrying capacity.
A trench with several large orange pipes protruding through a rectangular board. Workers and construction materials are in the background.
5 mins read

Soil Temperature Calculations for Power Engineering

Soil temperature affects high voltage cable and earthing systems. Equations for soil temperature calculations based on air temperature are provided.
Diagram showing electric field (E), gravitational field (G), weight (W), and electrostatic force (Fe) acting on a charged oil drop.
10 mins read

Modelling a Fall of Potential Earth Grid Impedance Test

Understand how software simulations enhance grid impedance tests, improving accuracy and efficiency in earthing system design and performance evaluation.
Infrared image of cable tray showing temperature gradients with adjacent diagrams labeled Flat (1), Flat (2), Trefoil (1), Trefoil (2), and check or crossmarks indicating status.
8 mins read

Ampacity of Power Cables Installed in Trays

Explore the factors affecting cable ampacity in trays, including thermal and electromagnetic effects. Learn calculation methods and best practices for safe power cable installations.
Crushed blue metal rock and foundation in switchyard 1 1170x585 - Popular
3 mins read

Surface Material Resistivity

This article provides typical values for surface layer resistivity to be used for earthing and ground electrical calculations of touch and step voltages.
Copper earthing grid conductors buried
4 mins read

Resistance of Earthing Rods and Rod Beds

Earthing rods improve earthing systems when driven into low resistivity soil layers. Due to the proximity effect the rule of thumb is earth rods should be separated by at least their driven length. Rods may be encased in concrete to lower their resistance. Equations are provided for hand calculations and these have been validated with numerical software.
Attention power cables in the ground ELEK Software 1170x585 - Popular
2 mins read

The 4 Main Causes of HV Cable Failures

A report investigated 6214 cable failures over a 14 year period. The main causes were insulation breakdown, excavation, joints or switchgear failure. The results may surprise you.
Arc Flash Draw Out Large Circuit Breaker ELEK Software small 1 1170x585 - Popular
8 mins read

Understanding Arc Flash Hazards

Electrical equipment operating at or above 50 V AC or 120 V DC which will not put into a deenergised state during work must be evaluated for arc flash and shock protection. Three types of activities of workers carry the highest risk of arc flash. Three main factors determine the severity of an arc flash injury.
Electricity pylon with insulators against a cloudy sky.
10 mins read

Fault Current Distribution for Cable Transmission Lines

This report explains how to perform accurate earth fault current analysis for substations connected by cable transmission lines. Earth fault currents for simple cable and overhead transmission lines are explained first. Next, two case studies involving hybrid cable transmission lines are presented.
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