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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
ELEK vs Competitors
Electrical Software
Three cross-sectional diagrams of electrical cables in different fillings (air, bentonite, water) with current ratings: air-filled 804A, bentonite 860A, water 874A; 7% improvement noted.
12 mins read

Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Cable Systems Design

Explore HDD cable ampacity, soil dry out, water table effects, and duct behaviour. Model these conditions using electrical load calculation software for reliable ratings.
Multiple black cables and two large pipes, one blue and one white, run through a trench dug in sandy soil at a construction site.
8 mins read

Accurate Cable Ampacity for Shallow-Buried Cables

IEC 60287 often overrates shallow-buried cable ampacity. ELEK’s method models soil surface cooling for safer, more reliable HV cable ratings.
Electricity pylon with insulators against a cloudy sky.
10 mins read

Fault Current Distribution for Cable Transmission Lines

This report explains how to perform accurate earth fault current analysis for substations connected by cable transmission lines. Earth fault currents for simple cable and overhead transmission lines are explained first. Next, two case studies involving hybrid cable transmission lines are presented.
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2 mins read

Typical Working Distances for Arc Flash Calculations

One of the main factors determining the severity of an arc flash injury is the proximity of the worker to the arc flash, also known as the working distance. Working distances from AS (ENA), IEEE, NFPA and DGUV Standards and Guides have been provided.
Solar panels on Sydney building 1 1170x585 - Popular
5 mins read

Voltage Rise Calculations

Voltage rise can occur in solar PV systems on the AC side between the power inverters and network connection point. Voltage rise calculations are no different to those for voltage drop.
Wind turbine foundation 1170x585 - Popular
13 mins read

Wind Farm Earthing Design and Modelling Guide

The technical guide explains the electrical systems, local WTG and combined earthing system design, touch and step voltage hazards, soil electrical resistivity measurements, earth fault currents, earthing system software modelling, and validation testing of earthing for wind farms.
Large solar PV farm in Queensland ELEK SafeGrid Software 1170x585 - Popular
10 mins read

Solar Farm Earthing Design and Modelling Guide

How to design and model earthing systems for a solar PV farm to the latest practices and standards. Soil resistivity, fault levels, and safety are covered.
Close-up of an electrical panel displaying several circuit breakers, labeled with yellow tags such as QF1, QF2, and QF6, and connected by various colored wires.
3 mins read

The Ultimate MCB Protective Device Selection Guide

Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) protect against overcurrent in electrical circuits. MCBs are categorised based on their tripping characteristics, represented by different device curves such as Z, B, C, K, and D. This article offers guidance on selecting the right type for your application.
Close-up of a high-voltage power cable, showing layers of insulation, copper conductors, and outer black sheath.
5 mins read

Summary of Electric Power Cable History

This article provides a timeline of the key milestones from early 19th century insulated wires through to modern innovations in high-voltage cables.
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