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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
ELEK vs Competitors
Electrical Software
Electricity pylon with insulators against a cloudy sky.
10 mins read

Fault Current Distribution for Cable Transmission Lines

This report explains how to perform accurate earth fault current analysis for substations connected by cable transmission lines. Earth fault currents for simple cable and overhead transmission lines are explained first. Next, two case studies involving hybrid cable transmission lines are presented.
Arc Flash Draw Out Large Circuit Breaker ELEK Software small 1 1170x585 - Popular
8 mins read

Understanding Arc Flash Hazards

Electrical equipment operating at or above 50 V AC or 120 V DC which will not put into a deenergised state during work must be evaluated for arc flash and shock protection. Three types of activities of workers carry the highest risk of arc flash. Three main factors determine the severity of an arc flash injury.
Attention power cables in the ground ELEK Software 1170x585 - Popular
2 mins read

The 4 Main Causes of HV Cable Failures

A report investigated 6214 cable failures over a 14 year period. The main causes were insulation breakdown, excavation, joints or switchgear failure. The results may surprise you.
Multiple black cables and two large pipes, one blue and one white, run through a trench dug in sandy soil at a construction site.
8 mins read

Accurate Cable Ampacity for Shallow-Buried Cables

IEC 60287 often overrates shallow-buried cable ampacity. ELEK’s method models soil surface cooling for safer, more reliable HV cable ratings.
Close-up of an electrical panel displaying several circuit breakers, labeled with yellow tags such as QF1, QF2, and QF6, and connected by various colored wires.
3 mins read

The Ultimate MCB Protective Device Selection Guide

Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) protect against overcurrent in electrical circuits. MCBs are categorised based on their tripping characteristics, represented by different device curves such as Z, B, C, K, and D. This article offers guidance on selecting the right type for your application.
Infographic on power systems earthing standards, featuring diagrams and guidelines for substation earthing, touch/step voltage limits, and testing. Includes industry logos and software ad.
4 mins read

Standards for Power Systems Earthing Design

Experienced electrical engineers created this reference list of standards for power systems earthing/grounding for substations, renewable energy, etc.
High voltage power cable with copper conductors
8 mins read

Achieving Accurate High Voltage Cable Current Ratings

Accurate high voltage cable current ratings achieved - ELEK Cable HV software matches CIGRE TB 880 and performs IEC 60287 compliant calculations.
A graph displays time-current curves with a blue and red shaded areas, showing time (s) on the y-axis and current (A) on the x-axis, both on logarithmic scales.
2 mins read

A Step-by-Step Protection Coordination Study Example

Learn how to set and coordinate circuit breakers to meet AS/NZS 3000:2018, ensuring faults are isolated quickly and safely in electrical systems.
Flowchart showing a series of squares, some filled red, on a path moving upward toward a "Higher Priority" label with an arrow on the right side.
3 mins read

Practical Guide to Selective Protection Coordination

Learn how to set priorities and adjust protective devices for selective coordination to isolate faults and minimise outages in electrical systems.
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