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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
ELEK vs Competitors
Electrical Software
Close-up of a high-voltage power cable, showing layers of insulation, copper conductors, and outer black sheath.
5 mins read

Summary of Electric Power Cable History

This article provides a timeline of the key milestones from early 19th century insulated wires through to modern innovations in high-voltage cables.
Multiple black cables and two large pipes, one blue and one white, run through a trench dug in sandy soil at a construction site.
8 mins read

Accurate Cable Ampacity for Shallow-Buried Cables

IEC 60287 often overrates shallow-buried cable ampacity. ELEK’s method models soil surface cooling for safer, more reliable HV cable ratings.
Crushed blue metal rock and foundation in switchyard 1 1170x585 - Popular
3 mins read

Surface Material Resistivity

This article provides typical values for surface layer resistivity to be used for earthing and ground electrical calculations of touch and step voltages.
Close-up of an electrical panel displaying several circuit breakers, labeled with yellow tags such as QF1, QF2, and QF6, and connected by various colored wires.
3 mins read

The Ultimate MCB Protective Device Selection Guide

Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCBs) protect against overcurrent in electrical circuits. MCBs are categorised based on their tripping characteristics, represented by different device curves such as Z, B, C, K, and D. This article offers guidance on selecting the right type for your application.
Overhead power line with sun 1170x585 - Popular
8 mins read

Factors Affecting Bare Conductor Current Ratings

The current rating of bare conductors is affected by the conductor temperature, weather parameters, heat losses due to convection and radiation, the solar heat gain and conductor resistance, the calculation of which is governed by a steady-state and a non-steady-state heat balance equation.
A graph displays time-current curves with a blue and red shaded areas, showing time (s) on the y-axis and current (A) on the x-axis, both on logarithmic scales.
2 mins read

A Step-by-Step Protection Coordination Study Example

Learn how to set and coordinate circuit breakers to meet AS/NZS 3000:2018, ensuring faults are isolated quickly and safely in electrical systems.
Infographic on power systems earthing standards, featuring diagrams and guidelines for substation earthing, touch/step voltage limits, and testing. Includes industry logos and software ad.
4 mins read

Standards for Power Systems Earthing Design

Experienced electrical engineers created this reference list of standards for power systems earthing/grounding for substations, renewable energy, etc.
High voltage power cable with copper conductors
8 mins read

Achieving Accurate High Voltage Cable Current Ratings

Accurate high voltage cable current ratings achieved - ELEK Cable HV software matches CIGRE TB 880 and performs IEC 60287 compliant calculations.
Arc Flash Draw Out Large Circuit Breaker ELEK Software small 1 1170x585 - Popular
8 mins read

Understanding Arc Flash Hazards

Electrical equipment operating at or above 50 V AC or 120 V DC which will not put into a deenergised state during work must be evaluated for arc flash and shock protection. Three types of activities of workers carry the highest risk of arc flash. Three main factors determine the severity of an arc flash injury.
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