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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
ELEK vs Competitors
Electrical Software
A software interface screen displaying a pop-up for creating a new electrical calculation. Various calculation options such as "Voltage Drop" and "Maximum Demand" are listed.
7 mins read

Top 3 Electrical Engineering Design Software for Australia

We've reviewed the top 3 electrical engineering design software packages in 2024 that are designed for Australian conditions and electrical standards. We've compared the features, capabilities, pricing, and technical support.
Motors in a factory setting_ELEK Software
1 min read

Maximum Demand

The 4 main approaches for determining the maximum demand of an electrical installation are discussed.
A graph showing the power station's voltage.
6 mins read

Earthing Software Benchmark Study

The Annex H in IEEE Standard 80-2013 contains benchmark case results for comparing and evaluating software tools and methodologies used for the analysis of substation earthing. The results compare the simple equations from IEEE Std 80 with the results given by some of the commercially available software such as CDEGS, ETAP, SGW, SDWorkstation and WinIGS.
Electrical Wiring Being Installed for a New Commercial Building
6 mins read

Economic and Energy Efficient Cable Sizing

The principle of economic cable sizing is to select a minimum cable size that is safe to use and the cost of the losses over the lifetime is also minimised.
1657081375283 1107x585 - Popular
8 mins read

Current Rating of Cables in Multiple Backfills Using the Finite Element Method

A new calculation method based on FEM and IEC 60287 for current rating of HV cables in soils with multiple different thermal resistivities is explained with an example calculation. Modelling the different soil thermal resistivity zones (multiple backfills) is important for obtaining accurate cable current ratings.
Oil-filled cable with finite element mesh plot for current rating calculation
3 mins read

Current Rating of High Voltage Oil-filled Cables

Explains the fundamentals of oil-filled cables current rating calculations to IEC 60287 and provides and example calculation for a 400 kV single core cable.
Fig. 3 – Crossing of 2 single core circuits 1 1170x585 - Popular
7 mins read

Derating for Cable Crossings

Crossing multiple cables or heat sources at a crossing angle causes a current rating reduction, calculated using IEC Standard 60287.
Offshore wind turbine being constructed 2 1170x585 - Popular
2 mins read

Wind Farm Dynamic Cable Ratings

This article explains why dynamic ratings are important when dealing with long AC cables for wind farms. An example calculation of a dynamic rating which uses the measured load profile is given.
Substation fence 1 1170x585 - Popular
3 mins read

Touch Voltages on Substation Metallic Fences

Should a metal fence be bonded to the substation earth grid? The metal fences around substations keep people out but they pose earthing safety challenges. These metallic fences, which are easily accessible to the public and personnel, must be adequately earthed and touch voltages on them during an electrical fault must not exceed safe limits.
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