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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
ELEK vs Competitors
Electrical Software
Earthing system with fault ELEK SafeGrid min 1170x585 - Popular
1 min read

What Happens During Substation Earth Grid Faults?

During an earth fault on a substation earth grid, the flow of current to the earth will produce voltage gradients. An earth grid that is properly designed will safely dissipate current into the ground.
2 mins read

How to model earthing surrounded with bentonite

How to model the influence of an additional substances like bentonite surrounding the conductors of a buried earthing system on grid resistance, touch and step voltages.
1639370701193 1099x585 - Popular
3 mins read

Lightning Strikes to Buildings with Earthing Systems

This report shows the effects of a direct lightning strike to an air terminal installed on top of a building which is connected to a buried earthing system.
1653368710952 1170x585 - Popular
5 mins read

Current Rating of Cables in Ventilated Tunnels

The methods for calculating the current rating of multiple cables installed in ventilated tunnels are explained with example calculations. Overall tunnel length and air velocity inside the tunnel have a significant impact on cable current ratings.
Motors in a factory setting_ELEK Software
1 min read

Maximum Demand

The 4 main approaches for determining the maximum demand of an electrical installation are discussed.
3 mins read

Modelling earthing rods surrounded with bentonite

Using bentonite to reduce resistance Sometimes it is not possible to achieve the desired reduction in ground resistance by adding more grid conductors or ground rods. An alternate solution is to effectively increase the diameter of the electrode by modifying the soil surrounding.
1653971060513 1170x585 - Popular
3 mins read

Soil Frequency Dependency During Lightning Strikes

The effects of lightning strikes on earthing or protection systems designed to IEC 62305 can be modelled using an equivalent single frequency from 25kHz up to 1MHz which gives similar results to a time-domain approach. This article provides the frequency and current values to be used for modelling lightning.
Cross-section of XLPE insulated high voltage power cable
4 mins read

Derating of 400 kV Buried Cables from Ventilated Trough

New 13 kV power circuits will be installed in an unfilled trough with ventilated covers. These new circuits will cross with existing buried 400 kV cables at approximately 90 degrees with a continuous current rating requirement of 1136 MVA (1640 A) per phase for all seasons.
Fig. 3 – Crossing of 2 single core circuits 1 1170x585 - Popular
7 mins read

Derating for Cable Crossings

Crossing multiple cables or heat sources at a crossing angle causes a current rating reduction, calculated using IEC Standard 60287.
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