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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

Sign up for my email newsletter and I will send you the latest technical articles as they are released – Jayson Patrick.

Photo of Jayson Patrick for Technical Articles page about electrical power systems Design

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
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Electrical Software
Arc Flash Draw Out Large Circuit Breaker ELEK Software small 1 1170x585 - Popular
8 mins read

Understanding Arc Flash Hazards

Electrical equipment operating at or above 50 V AC or 120 V DC which will not put into a deenergised state during work must be evaluated for arc flash and shock protection. Three types of activities of workers carry the highest risk of arc flash. Three main factors determine the severity of an arc flash injury.
1653885507804 1170x585 - Popular
2 mins read

Typical Working Distances for Arc Flash Calculations

One of the main factors determining the severity of an arc flash injury is the proximity of the worker to the arc flash, also known as the working distance. Working distances from AS (ENA), IEEE, NFPA and DGUV Standards and Guides have been provided.
Diagram showing electric field (E), gravitational field (G), weight (W), and electrostatic force (Fe) acting on a charged oil drop.
10 mins read

Modelling a Fall of Potential Earth Grid Impedance Test

Understand how software simulations enhance grid impedance tests, improving accuracy and efficiency in earthing system design and performance evaluation.
Wind turbine foundation 1170x585 - Popular
13 mins read

Wind Farm Earthing Design and Modelling Guide

The technical guide explains the electrical systems, local WTG and combined earthing system design, touch and step voltage hazards, soil electrical resistivity measurements, earth fault currents, earthing system software modelling, and validation testing of earthing for wind farms.
Infographic on power systems earthing standards, featuring diagrams and guidelines for substation earthing, touch/step voltage limits, and testing. Includes industry logos and software ad.
4 mins read

Standards for Power Systems Earthing Design

Experienced electrical engineers created this reference list of standards for power systems earthing/grounding for substations, renewable energy, etc.
Electricity pylon with insulators against a cloudy sky.
10 mins read

Fault Current Distribution for Cable Transmission Lines

This report explains how to perform accurate earth fault current analysis for substations connected by cable transmission lines. Earth fault currents for simple cable and overhead transmission lines are explained first. Next, two case studies involving hybrid cable transmission lines are presented.
Crushed blue metal rock and foundation in switchyard 1 1170x585 - Popular
3 mins read

Surface Material Resistivity

This article provides typical values for surface layer resistivity to be used for earthing and ground electrical calculations of touch and step voltages.
Infrared image of cable tray showing temperature gradients with adjacent diagrams labeled Flat (1), Flat (2), Trefoil (1), Trefoil (2), and check or crossmarks indicating status.
8 mins read

Ampacity of Power Cables Installed in Trays

Explore the factors affecting cable ampacity in trays, including thermal and electromagnetic effects. Learn calculation methods and best practices for safe power cable installations.
Solar panels on Sydney building 1 1170x585 - Popular
5 mins read

Voltage Rise Calculations

Voltage rise can occur in solar PV systems on the AC side between the power inverters and network connection point. Voltage rise calculations are no different to those for voltage drop.
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