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Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

Sign up for my email newsletter and I will send you the latest technical articles as they are released – Jayson Patrick.

Photo of Jayson Patrick for Technical Articles page about electrical power systems Design

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Low Voltage Design
Earthing Design
High Voltage Cable Design
Arc Flash Studies
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Substation fence 1 1170x585 - Popular
3 mins read

Touch Voltages on Substation Metallic Fences

Should a metal fence be bonded to the substation earth grid? The metal fences around substations keep people out but they pose earthing safety challenges. These metallic fences, which are easily accessible to the public and personnel, must be adequately earthed and touch voltages on them during an electrical fault must not exceed safe limits.
2 mins read

How to model earthing surrounded with bentonite

How to model the influence of an additional substances like bentonite surrounding the conductors of a buried earthing system on grid resistance, touch and step voltages.
Earthing system with fault ELEK SafeGrid min 1170x585 - Popular
1 min read

What Happens During Substation Earth Grid Faults?

During an earth fault on a substation earth grid, the flow of current to the earth will produce voltage gradients. An earth grid that is properly designed will safely dissipate current into the ground.
LV Power Cables on Drums small ELEK Software 1170x585 - Popular
1 min read

Accurate voltage drop calculations

Accurately calculating voltage drop results in lower voltage drops which leads to smaller cable sizes and saves money.
1653368710952 1170x585 - Popular
5 mins read

Current Rating of Cables in Ventilated Tunnels

The methods for calculating the current rating of multiple cables installed in ventilated tunnels are explained with example calculations. Overall tunnel length and air velocity inside the tunnel have a significant impact on cable current ratings.
Offshore wind farm with several turbines above water and underwater cables visible, set against a calm sea and a partly cloudy sky.
4 mins read

Thermal Analysis for HVDC Submarine Cables: Meeting the 2 K Criterion

Learn about thermal analysis for HVDC submarine cables, focusing on the 2 K Criterion to minimize environmental impacts.
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3 mins read

Lightning Strikes to Buildings with Earthing Systems

This report shows the effects of a direct lightning strike to an air terminal installed on top of a building which is connected to a buried earthing system.
Offshore wind turbine being constructed 2 1170x585 - Popular
2 mins read

Wind Farm Dynamic Cable Ratings

This article explains why dynamic ratings are important when dealing with long AC cables for wind farms. An example calculation of a dynamic rating which uses the measured load profile is given.
Fig. 3 – Crossing of 2 single core circuits 1 1170x585 - Popular
7 mins read

Derating for Cable Crossings

Crossing multiple cables or heat sources at a crossing angle causes a current rating reduction, calculated using IEC Standard 60287.
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