Power Systems Technical Articles

Our experts continuously work on power systems problems, and we share solutions with Practical Reference Articles.

The main topics are earthing system modeling, power cable ratings, HV/LV electrical design, protective device coordination, and arc flash studies. We cover IEC and IEEE standards.

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2 mins read
One of the main factors determining the severity of an arc flash injury is the proximity of the worker to the arc flash, also known as the working distance. Working distances from AS (ENA), IEEE, NFPA and DGUV Standards and Guides have been provided.
4 mins read
Experienced electrical engineers created this reference list of standards for power systems earthing/grounding for substations, renewable energy, etc.
Cable Pro Web is cheaper with more features than JCalc (which is not free). Choose cable sizing software that scales with your business. This article honestly compares prices, features and ease of use.
5 mins read
Soil temperature affects high voltage cable and earthing systems. Equations for soil temperature calculations based on air temperature are provided.
10 mins read
This report explains how to perform accurate earth fault current analysis for substations connected by cable transmission lines. Earth fault currents for simple cable and overhead transmission lines are explained first. Next, two case studies involving hybrid cable transmission lines are presented.
3 mins read
This article provides typical values for surface layer resistivity to be used for earthing and ground electrical calculations of touch and step voltages.
5 mins read
Voltage rise can occur in solar PV systems on the AC side between the power inverters and network connection point. Voltage rise calculations are no different to those for voltage drop.
This article provides a timeline of the key milestones from early 19th century insulated wires through to modern innovations in high-voltage cables.
13 mins read
The technical guide explains the electrical systems, local WTG and combined earthing system design, touch and step voltage hazards, soil electrical resistivity measurements, earth fault currents, earthing system software modelling, and validation testing of earthing for wind farms.
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